Gosset's first publication came in 1907, "On the Error of Counting with a Haemacytometer," in which – unbeknownst to Gosset aka "Student" – he rediscovered the Poisson distribution. The papers addressed the brewer's concern with small samples biometricians like Pearson, on the other hand, typically had hundreds of observations and saw no urgency in developing small-sample methods. Pearson helped Gosset with the mathematics of his papers, including the 1908 papers, but had little appreciation of their importance. Gosset and Pearson had a good relationship. Gosset acquired that knowledge by study, by trial and error, by cooperating with others, and by spending two terms in 1906–1907 in the Biometrics laboratory of Karl Pearson. In his job as Head Experimental Brewer at Guinness, the self-trained Gosset developed new statistical methods – both in the brewery and on the farm – now central to the design of experiments, to proper use of significance testing on repeated trials, and to analysis of economic significance (an early instance of decision theory interpretation of statistics) and more, such as his small-sample, stratified, and repeated balanced experiments on barley for proving the best yielding varieties. Harry Gosset (1907–1965) was a consultant paediatrician Bertha Marian Gosset (1909–2004) was a geographer and nurse the youngest, Ruth Gosset (1911–1953) married the Oxford mathematician Douglas Roaf and had five children. Gosset had three children with Marjory Gosset (née Phillpotts). Upon graduating in 1899, he joined the brewery of Arthur Guinness & Son in Dublin, Ireland he spent the rest of his 38-year career at Guinness. Royal Engineers, Gosset attended Winchester College before matriculating as Winchester Scholar in natural sciences and mathematics at New College, Oxford. Life and career īorn in Canterbury, England the eldest son of Agnes Sealy Vidal and Colonel Frederic Gosset, R.E. Gosset published under the pen name Student and developed most famously Student's t-distribution – originally called Student's "z" – and "Student's test of statistical significance". He pioneered small sample experimental design and analysis with an economic approach to the logic of uncertainty. William Sealy Gosset (13 June 1876 – 16 October 1937) was an English statistician, chemist and brewer who served as Head Brewer of Guinness and Head Experimental Brewer of Guinness and was a pioneer of modern statistics. Fisher, Harold Jeffreys, Egon Pearson, Jerzy Neyman, John Wishart, W. Student's t-distribution, statistical significance, design of experiments, Monte Carlo method, quality control, Modern synthesis, agricultural economics, econometrics
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